Exploring the Potential of VGG-16 Architecture for Accurate Brain Tumor Detection Using Deep Learning

This study explores the potential of the VGG-16 architecture, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, for accurate brain tumor detection through deep learning. Utilizing a dataset consisting of 1655 brain MRI images with tumors and 1598 images with- out tumors, the VGG-16 model was fine-tuned and trained on this data. Initial training achieved an accuracy of 91%, which was improved to 94% after hyperparameter optimization. The model’s sensitivity, specificity, precision, recall, and F1 scores were strong, indicating its potential in accurately detecting brain tumors. The performance of the VGG-16 model was compared to several other techniques for brain tumor detection, including EasyDL, GoogLeNet, GrayNet, ImageNet, CNN, and a Multivariable Regression and Neural Network model. Although it did not achieve the highest accuracy, it outperformed GoogLeNet and ImageNet and demon- strated comparable accuracy to GrayNet and the Multivariable Regression and Neural Network. Its sensitivity and specificity suggest its potential in identifying tumors that other methods might miss, reinforcing its potential usefulness in medical applications. Never- theless, there is room for improvement. Future studies could collect and annotate larger datasets to improve model generalizability. Exploring other deep learning architectures and enhancing model interpretability could further boost its clinical relevance. Despite these challenges, this study demonstrates the untapped potential of the VGG-16 architecture in brain tumor detection and contributes to the growing body of research on applying deep learning in the medical field.