Using magnetic resonance imaging, we examine the onset and stability of porous media convection (PMC) in packings of solid spheres. Nominally, PMC resembles Rayleigh-B\'enard convection, except that there should be no vertical vorticity. We find pinned defects in convection patterns for disordered sphere packings. Roll-like structures form in regularly packed media, with rapid relaxation to stable patterns within the expected stable range. The size of up flow regions decreases relative to down flow regions with increasing Rayleigh number, producing a novel time dependent state for Ra $/$Ra c>6.
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Shattuck et al. (1995) studied this question.
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