Electric field induced second harmonic generation: Second and third-order hyperpolarizabilities of 4-amino-4′-nitrodiphenyl sulfoxide

The second-order hyperpolarizability (β), and the third-order hyperpolarizability (γ) of 4-amino-4′-nitrodiphenyl sulfoxide (ANDSO) has been determined using the technique of electric field induced second harmonic (EFISH) generation in liquid. The third order macroscopic nonlinear susceptibility of ANDSO was first determined by comparing the intensity of the frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser pulse from the EFISH cell containing ANDSO solution to that of a reference material. The microscopic hyperpolarizabilities γ and β for ANDSO were extracted from the nonlinear susceptibility using local field factors, bond additivity concept and knowledge of the dipole moment of the molecule. Comparison of β and γ obtained in the present work to those obtained by other investigators for other molecules shows a superior microscopic nonlinear properties for ANDSO.