Key result
Among patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome in Slovakia, 83.5% had hypertension, 65.0% had hyperlipidemia, 32.6% had diabetes, and 27.6% were smokers, with only 5% lacking any of these.
Observational (n=1,567)
Yes
The vast majority (95%) of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome in Slovakia have at least one conventional cardiovascular risk factor, highlighting the critical need for improved primary prevention.
Supports targeted prevention in high-burden regions; extends Central European prevalence data but leaves open causal impact on outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major health problem and the leading cause of death and disability in Slovakia. This is the first study to describe the prevalence rate of conventional cardiovascular risk factors in patients hospitalized for ACS. METHODS: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and cigarette smoking were documented in 1,567 cases (mean age, SD: 66.1±12.0 years, 34.8% of females) enrolled in the SLOVAKS registry from August 2011 through September 2011. RESULTS: Overall, 83.5% (95% CI, 81.6-85.2%) of the patients with ACS had hypertension, 65.0% (62.5-67.2%) had a hyperlipidemic profile, 32.6% (30.3-34.9%) were diagnosed with diabetes, and 27.6% (25.1-29.8%) were smokers at the time of a heart-related event. Only 5% of patients with ACS lacked any of the 4 conventional risk factors. Higher prevalence rates of all major risk factors, except smoking, were detected in women than in men, in older (≥65 years of age) than younger patients, and in rural (<2,000 inhabitants) than in urban areas. Premature ACS (<45 years of age) was associated with smoking in men, and smoking and hypertension in women. Smoking, in all risk factor combinations, reduced the age at the time of a heart-related event, on average, by 10.0 years in men and by 12.4 years in women. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest an appreciable burden of major cardiovascular risk factors and also highlight differences that may aid the targeting of public health interventions.
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Alberty et al. (2017) conducted an observational in Acute coronary syndrome (n=1,567). Among patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome in Slovakia, 83.5% had hypertension, 65.0% had hyperlipidemia, 32.6% had diabetes, and 27.6% were smokers, with only 5% lacking any of these.
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