Flow-mediated dilation is primarily mediated by nitric oxide in healthy individuals under standard conditions, but prostacyclin and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor also contribute, particularly in diseased states.
Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is the standard tool used to assess endothelial function. The premise behind the standard FMD test is that it serves as an endothelial-dependant nitric oxide bioassay; however, the endothelium may release additional dilatory molecules which contribute to FMD, most notably prostacyclin and endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor. The relative importance of these molecules to the dilatory response may vary substantially among individuals, particularly in response to a number of diseased states. This review discusses how each of these molecules may contribute to vasodilation, and considers the circumstances in which they may vary.
Stoner et al. (Sun,) conducted a review in Endothelial dysfunction. Flow-mediated dilation is primarily mediated by nitric oxide in healthy individuals under standard conditions, but prostacyclin and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor also contribute, particularly in diseased states.
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