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Historical review contextualizes Holter evolution for clinicians using ambulatory ECG; extends recognition of foundational contributors for future noninvasive research.
Holter technology has endured for more than 40 years, and proven to be a valuable adjunctive noninvasive diagnostic technology to record the ambulatory or long-term electrocardiogram in the study of living creatures. During this span of time, many scientists, physicians, and innovators contributed to the development and evolution of Holter technology. This essay seeks to document a view of the history and evolution of the technology during that time, and concomitantly give recognition to the scientists, physicians, and engineers who contributed so greatly.
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Harold L. Kennedy (2006) studied this question.
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