Nanoarchitectonics approach to graphite/starch-supported bioelectrode for enhanced supercapacitor performance

There has been an increasing interest in finding suitable materials for supercapacitor applications in response to the growing need for energy, to use alternative energy sources to fossil fuels in addition to energy storage. In this regard, bio-based carbon-loaded materials can be a promising option for high-performance supercapacitors because of their abundance, diversity, and reproducibility with waste management strategies. In this study, a new graphite-loaded bioelectrode is synthesized for supercapacitor application. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized electrode is tested at room temperature using the cyclic voltammetry method, and the capacity and energy density of the electrodes are evaluated. The electrochemical performance of 1 g of graphite-loaded bioelectrode was 3.5 mA/cm 2 , while the specific capacitance value was 355.6 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. Furthermore, the bioelectrode provided significant cyclic stability with 93.5% in specific capacitance value after 5000 charge/discharge cycles at the current density of 0.5 A/g. Consequently, the synthesized bioelectrode can be a promising option for energy storage as a sustainable electrode due to its superior conductivity, stability, and low cost. • Graphite-doped starch-derived bioelectrode was prepared for supercapacitor applications. • Starch-derived graphite-loaded bioelectrode displayed high carbon content of 77.7 %. • Highest capacitance value was 355.6 F/g at 0.5 A/g for 1 g of graphite-loaded bioelectrode. • Bioelectrode had a high rate cycling capability of 93.5 % at 0.5 A/g. • The assembled supercapacitors presented notable capacitance at high graphite loadings.