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Abstract Blockchain technology offers a secure solution for managing sensitive data with Artificial Intelligence, supply chain, cloud computing, and healthcare applications. Its key features, confidentiality, decentralization, security, and privacy, enhance healthcare systems, especially when integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This integration improves communication between healthcare systems and IoT devices, increasing security, privacy, and operational efficiency. However, traditional healthcare systems face challenges like phishing, identity theft, and masquerading attacks. We propose a blockchain-based decentralized application to mitigate these risks and generate, maintain, and validate healthcare medical certificates. The application enables secure communication between hospitals, patients, doctors, and IoT devices using smart contracts for confidentiality and authentication. Our architecture utilizes Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proof to maintain data integrity and privacy. We further integrate Blockchain Data Storage and the Inter-Planetary File System to reduce storage costs and enhance security through Ethereum smart contracts. An Intrusion Detection System monitors IoT traffic to detect potential security threats. Performance analysis demonstrates that this solution addresses key security and privacy challenges, offering an efficient and scalable framework for healthcare data management.
Nandanwar et al. (Sat,) studied this question.