Deletion Mutation in Drosophila ma-l Homologous, Putative Molybdopterin Cofactor Sulfurase Gene Is Associated with Bovine Xanthinuria Type II

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Defective xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) activity in humans results in xanthinuria and xanthine calculus accumulation in kidneys. Bovine xanthinuria was demonstrated in a local herd and characterized as xanthinuria type II, similar to the Drosophila ma-l mutations, which lose activities of molybdoenzymes, XDH, and aldehyde oxidase, although sulfite oxidase activity is preserved. Linkage analysis located the disease locus at the centromeric region of bovine chromosome 24, where a ma-l homologous, putative molybdopterin cofactor sulfurase gene (MCSU) has been physically mapped. We found that a deletion mutation at tyrosine 257 in MCSU is tightly associated with bovine xanthinuria type II.