Drought, dams, and survival: linking water to conflict and cooperation in Syria’s civil war

In an attempt to contribute to the literature on natural resources and civil war, this paper addresses the role of water in the ongoing armed struggle in Syria. It examines the question “To what extent is water linked to conflict and cooperation in Syria’s civil war?” Based on an analysis of scholarly work and media reports, it is argued that water is closely linked to the violent conflict in Syria through its roles as a contributing cause to the 2011 uprising; a strategic tool and military target; and a means of survival for IDPs and refugees. Going beyond assessing the water-conflict nexus, the paper also shows how water could help foster transboundary cooperation and peacebuilding in the Syrian context. Although the civil war’s outcome is still uncertain, the importance of water to all facets of society might eventually help restore Syria’s political, social, and economic fabric while promoting regional stability.