Evaluating Patient Safety Competency Acquisition Through Clinical Simulation: Development and Application of the Clinical Simulation Learning Patient Safety Scale

Introduction Simulation is recognized as an effective method for integrating theory and practice, improving safety competence in nursing professionals and patient care. Objectives To develop and psychometrically validate the Clinical Simulation Learning Patient Safety Scale (CSL Patient Safety Scale), a self‐administered instrument for undergraduate nursing students that assesses patient safety competencies acquired through clinical simulation. Methods A multicenter study was designed in two Spanish universities, with 450 students and a final sample of 208. Results The questionnaire showed a high content validity (Aiken’s V > 0.8) and internal reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.832) with acceptable reliability for each factor separately ( α = 0.877 for Factor 1 and α = 0.714 for Factor 2) and did not present significant variations in sensitivity analysis (McDonald’s ω = 0.812). Intraobserver reliability was high (ICC = 0.959, 95% CI = 0.922–0.978). Conclusions The questionnaire demonstrated excellent validity and reliability, consolidating the Patient Safety Scale (CSL) as an effective tool for assessing patient safety competencies through clinical simulation.