The paper studies the physical processes that cause interference during optical 3D scanning in the complex light environment of livestock buildings. A physical model of noise formation in the signal of time-of-flight cameras has been developed based on the analysis of the spectral composition and spatial distribution of parasitic radiation sources (sunlight, artificial lighting, glare from wet biological surfaces). Using the method of spectrozonal analysis, it has been shown that the majority of depth measurement errors are associated with the nonlinear interaction of multiple scattered radiation in the near-IR range with the useful signal. A combined compensation method has been proposed and experimentally tested that is based on (1) spectral channel selection (transition to a wavelength of 940 nm with Δλ = 20 nm), (2) synchronous detection with adaptive phase control, and 3) algorithmic correction based on solving the inverse scattering problem in the Kubelka–Munk approximation. It was found that the use of physically based correction reduces depth data fluctuations by 52% and increases the signal-to-noise ratio from 8 : 1 to 22 : 1. These results are of interest for the development of robust optoelectronic systems operating under intense illumination.
Moskvichev et al. (2026) studied this question.