This paper describes an autonomous monitoring system to supervise environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, poisonous gases or smoke concentration, etc. This system is designed as a set of sensor nodes connected via a wireless network. The feature of this system is its ability to autonomously configure the network structure and synchronize data between nodes. This allows the network to be fault-tolerant. Each sensor node consists of three layers. The bottom layer includes a 5 to 12 volts battery and a stabilizer. The middle level consists of an 8-bit microcontroller, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), SD (Secure Digital) card reader, and a set of sensors. The top level includes RF (Radio Frequency) communication module and GPS (Global Positioning System) module. Each sensor node is able to work as a standalone unit and as a part of a sensor network. The experimental works were performed for ensuring worth using in real time.
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Filonenko et al. (2012) studied this question.
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