The factors used to calculate the Forward Linkage, Backward Linkage and Real Benefit are the Total Environmental Costs. The highest total environmental cost was Iron and Steel that needs to be resolved immediately because it uses natural resources over the carrying capacity, higher environmental cost than standard, and contributes low real benefit. Iron and Steel, secondary steel products and non-residential building construction need to be monitored closely because they are able to link to other production sectors more than other production sectors, and they have high environmental cost. To design the sustainable development strategy of the country, therefore, need to use the information in this research to support the decision.
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Sutthichaimethee et al. (2015) studied this question.
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