The integration of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and lean manufacturing (LM) has become a crucial approach for industries aiming to enhance accuracy, customization, competitiveness, and environmental sustainability. Manufacturers want to make their factories smarter and their operations more efficient by adopting advanced intelligent solutions. The objectives of this article are to illustrate the impact of I4.0 tools on LM organizations and to clarify the importance of balancing technological progress with human-centered practices. Drawing on academic research, we propose a framework for human resources (HR) integration that fosters adaptability, continuous improvement, and employee engagement in the digital age.
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Jamari et al. (2025) studied this question.
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