Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Identification of Heart Abnormalities Based on Ecg: Literature Review

In recent years, a lot of research on Biomedicine is mainly related to heart defects. The recognition and detection of heart defects using an electrocardiogram (ECG) is numerous. This article aims to explain ECG research trends using the artificial neural networks (ANN) approach in the last twelve years. We reviewed journals with the keyword title "ANN ECG" and published from 2011 to 2022. Articles classified by the most frequently discussed topics include: data sets, case studies, pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification/identification methods. Data collection from articles obtained some of them use data banks such as PhysioNet, European Society of Cardiology (ESC), UCI Repository, as well as data collection directly from patients. The pre-processing stage of the total number of journals used 23% uses this stage, while in characteristic extraction almost 25% of papers are used. This research is very interesting because only a few researchers focus on researching about it. This article will provide further explanation of the most widely used algorithms for ECG research with the ANN approach. At the end of this article, critical aspects of ECG research can be carried out in the future, and the use of deep learning becomes a huge opportunity for researchers.