Key result
Cardiorespiratory coupling strength appears to be increased in athletes compared to sedentary subjects and can be influenced by specific training modalities such as inspiratory muscle training.
Why the study?
A consensus regarding the physiological mechanisms and methodological gold standard methods to quantify cardiorespiratory coupling has not been reached, limiting its application in experimental sports medicine settings.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Cardiorespiratory coupling assessment is a promising tool in sports medicine to evaluate autonomic adaptations to training and stress, though standardized quantification methods are still needed.
The estimation of cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) is attracting interest in sports physiology as an important tool to characterize cardiac neural regulation genuinely driven by respiration. When applied in sports medicine, cardiorespiratory coupling measurements can provide information on the effects of training, pre-competition stress, as well as cardiovascular adjustments during stressful stimuli. Furthermore, since the cardiorespiratory coupling is strongly affected by physical activity, the study of the cardiorespiratory coupling can guide the application of specific training methods to optimize the coupling between autonomic activity and heart with possible effects on performance. However, a consensus about the physiological mechanisms, as well as methodological gold standard methods to quantify the cardiorespiratory coupling, has not been reached yet, thus limiting its application in experimental settings. This review supports the relevance of assessing cardiorespiratory coupling in the sports medicine, examines the possible physiological mechanisms involved, and lists a series of methodological approaches. cardiorespiratory coupling strength seems to be increased in athletes when compared to sedentary subjects, in addition to being associated with positive physiological outcomes, such as a possible better interaction of neural subsystems to cope with stressful stimuli. Moreover, cardiorespiratory coupling seems to be influenced by specific training modalities, such as inspiratory muscle training. However, the impact of cardiorespiratory coupling on sports performance still needs to be better explored through ad hoc physical exercise tests and protocols. In addition, this review stresses that several bivariate and multivariate methods have been proposed to assess cardiorespiratory coupling, thus opening new possibilities in estimating cardiorespiratory interactions in athletes.
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Abreu et al. (2023) conducted a review in Cardiorespiratory coupling in athletes. Cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) assessment was evaluated. Cardiorespiratory coupling strength appears to be increased in athletes compared to sedentary subjects and can be influenced by specific training modalities such as inspiratory muscle training.
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