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Experimental demonstration of reduction in the number and size of particulates formed in the laser ablation deposition of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films is obtained by the use of a second laser which further heats and fragments the blowoff material in the plume formed by the first laser. This results in a smoother film with higher critical current density as compared to that obtained without the second laser irradiation of the plume.
Koren et al. (Mon,) studied this question.