The Problem with Binaries: Coding for Gender and Sexuality

Gender has emerged as the primary social constraint in variation, but the complexities of correlations with a gender binary make it clear that gender must be examined as it interacts with other social constraints (e.g. class). Recent interest in sexuality as a social variable has emerged similarly to that found in studies of gender, with a problematic focus on a binary based on gender choice of sexual partner. This paper examines the problems with the binary treatment of gender and sexuality in variation studies, and considers the consequences and options for the coding and use of large corpora.