Clinical Cases in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Sarcoidosis

The clinical presentation of cardiac sarcoidosis is often nonspecific and overlaps with other conditions, making the diagnosis challenging. Differences exist in diagnostic guidelines across major consensus statements. Although tissue biopsy is the gold standard, the yield of endomyocardial biopsy is low due to its focal distribution in the myocardium and difficulty of the procedure. We describe 4 cases of cardiac sarcoidosis to illustrate the important concepts of diagnosis of this condition.