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A fast response electromagnet to actuate a digital hydraulic valve was designed. A computational model of the electromagnet was optimized for fast response and low energy consumption using a finite element method and genetic optimization. The actuator was constructed and attached to a commercial valve body, and measurements were made validate the computational model. The new actuator greatly increased the applicability of the valve in digital hydraulics applications.
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Pellikka et al. (2011) studied this question.
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