Multicultural education as a social movement

resources such as jobs, power, and self-determination. Multicultural education became a body of advocacy regarding specific changes in classroom instruction (Gay, 1983). In the 1990s, however, one commonly finds multicultural education as it is practiced severed from any social movement. Rather than power and control being operative words, cross-cultural awareness is a common goal that one hears. In this article, I argue that multicultural education has become disassociated in many schools from its roots in social movement, partly through the increased involvement of White educators. I review literature on social