Quantitative single-molecule imaging of TLR4 reveals ligand-specific receptor dimerization

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

maintained TLR4 in monomeric form at the cell surface. Furthermore, we showed that LPS-dependent dimerization was required for the activation of NF-κB signaling. Together, these data demonstrate ligand-dependent dimerization of TLR4 in the cellular environment, which could pave the way for a molecular understanding of biased signaling downstream of the receptor.