The increasing complexity of photonic components in optical and quantum systems exposes critical limitations in conventional verification approaches, which rely on static testing, fragmented data, and centralised trust models. These limitations hinder reliable validation under fabrication variability, quantum noise, and multi-vendor manufacturing environments. To address this gap, this study proposes a blockchain-assisted quantum digital twin (BQDT) framework that integrates quantum-aware modelling with decentralised trust to enable continuous, lifecycle-aware verification and traceability. The proposed framework models quantum noise, operational drift, and fabrication variability while ensuring tamper-resistant lifecycle records across distributed stakeholders. Experimental results demonstrate that BQDT achieves 97.4% verification accuracy and 97.3% F1-score, outperforming classical and quantum-only baselines. The framework reduces false accept rate (FAR) to 1.9% and false reject rate (FRR) to 2.8%, corresponding to approximately 39% and 40% improvements, respectively, compared to the best baseline.
Praveen Kumar Pal (Thu,) studied this question.