Measures data-infrastructure expansion in the U.S. from 2002 to 2025, highlighting significant growth segments.
The US federal state doubled its data-infrastructure control in two steps, not gradually. We build the Infrastructure Concentration Index (ICI), 2002–2025, from six primary federal series: FBI biometric records (NGI/IAFIS), FinCEN SARs, DHS biometric entry, FISA §702 targets, FERC energy-market centralization, and NITRD compute investment. All series are labeled FATTO/INFERENZA/SPECULAZIONE with documented breaks. Three findings: (1) a +34-point step in 2004–2005 (IDENT + MISO), (2) plateau 2005–2012 (ICI 40–55), (3) synchronized acceleration 2013–2024 to ICI ~90. A Chow break at 2012.8 is significant (F=4.5, p<0.01). The pattern is bipartisan and measures structural capacity, not surveillance use. Replication data, code, and series documentation are provided.
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Marco Perugini (2026) studied this question.
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