7-Year Outcomes of Balloon-Expandable Versus Self-Expanding Valves in Women Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Figures

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  Figure 1. Study Flowchart Of the 5,237 patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement with BEV or SEV between October 2013 and September 2019, 1,827 and 805 met the inclusion criteria, respectively. One-to-one PS matching resulted in 744 patients in each of the BEV and SEV groups. BEV = balloon-expandable valve; OCEAN-TAVI = Optimized transCathEter vAlvular intervention-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation; PS = propensity score; SAV = surgical aortic valve; SEV = self-expanding valve; TAV = transcatheter aortic valve.

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  Figure 2. Echocardiography After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Comparing BEV and SEV This figure summarizes the comparison of echocardiographic assessments at discharge and at 1, 5, 6, and 7 years after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with BEV and those with SEV. (A) Paravalvular leakage. (B) Index effective orifice area. (C) Mean pressure gradient. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.

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  Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier Curves Comparing 7-Year Clinical Outcomes for BEV and SEV This figure presents the results of a 7-year survival analysis of the propensity score–matched cohorts. P values were calculated using the log-rank method for all-cause mortality, and the Fine-Gray method for stroke and heart failure rehospitalization. (A) All-cause mortality. (B) Stroke. (C) Heart failure rehospitalization. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.

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  Figure 4. Temporal Trend of Valve Utilization Rate This figure shows the temporal trend of the valve utilization rate of BEV or SEV from 2016 to 2019. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.

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  Figure 5. Subgroup Analysis of the Association Between Valve Type and 7-Year Mortality This figure shows the subgroup analyses presented in the forest plot to evaluate differences in long-term outcomes between BEV and SEV across potential risk modifiers of all-cause mortality. BSA = body surface area; CFS = clinical frailty scale; mPG = mean pressure gradient; PPM = prosthesis-patient mismatch; PVL = paravalvular leakage; STS = Society of Thoracic Surgeons; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.

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  Central Illustration. Long-Term Female Outcomes of Balloon-Expandable vs Self-Expanding Transcatheter Heart Valves AS = aortic stenosis; BNP = brain natriuretic peptide; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OCEAN-TAVI = Optimized transCathEter vAlvular intervention-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation; PAD = peripheral artery disease.