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Permanence has long been regarded as a key element in child placement planning and practice. While upholding its benefits, Robbie Gilligan argues that reliance on permanence as a guiding framework has gone too far. Instead he advocates a shift towards a resilience-based perspective which embraces the positive aspects of the permanence framework but more accurately reflects the complexity of child care problems and needs.
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Robbie Gilligan (1997) studied this question.
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