University–industry knowledge transfer in an emerging economy: Evidence from Kazakhstan

Although developing economies are observed to possess some similar characteristics, interactions between academia and industry are expected to have unique attributes in each country. This paper explores the channels of knowledge transfer, obstacles to collaboration and benefits of university–industry interactions in the context of Kazakhstan. The study builds upon the analysis of data collected from surveys of 24 universities and 28 telecommunications firms. The results suggest some discrepancy between the modes of interactions used and the channels rated the most important. There are also significant differences in agents’ perceptions of obstacles. Benefits associated with short-term production activities are priority-driven for firms.