The oxidation state of intracellular chromium has been determined directly in mammalian lung cells exposed to mutagenic and carcinogenic chromium compounds. Microprobe X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) experiments on single V79 Chinese hamster lung cells showed that Cr(VI) and Cr(V) complexes were reduced completely (>90%) to Cr(III) within 4 h of exposure of the cells. This result provides direct evidence for the hypothesis that these genotoxic oxidants react rapidly with intracellular reductants.
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Dillon et al. (1997) studied this question.
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