Effects of Exposure to Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen on Fetal Germ Cell Development in Both Sexes in Rodent and Human Using Multiple Experimental Systems

BACKGROUND: Analgesic exposure during pregnancy may affect aspects of fetal gonadal development that are targeted by endocrine disruptors. OBJECTIVES: and xenograft approaches. METHODS: rat models. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: , was increased following exposure to acetaminophen in human NTera2 cells, rat fetal testis/ovary cultures, and in fetal testes and ovaries after in vivo exposure of pregnant rats, indicating translatability across experimental models and species. CONCLUSIONS: -mediated effects of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on GC/NTera2 cells, which raises concerns about analgesic use during human pregnancy that warrant further investigation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2307.