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Auditory and audiovisual consonant recognition were studied in 98 hearing-impaired adults, who demonstrated a wide range of consonant-recognition abilities. Information transfer analysis was used to describe the performance of the subjects on the auditory and audiovisual tasks in terms of a set of articulatory features. Visual cues substantially enhanced the transmission of duration, place-of-articulation, frication, and nasality features, but had considerably less effect on transmission of the liquid-glide and voicing features. The improvement in transmission resulting from visual cues was relatively constant across a wide range of auditory performance levels.
Walden et al. (1975) studied this question.