Introduction: criminal policy as cultural change 1. The origins of Victorianism: impulse and motivation 2. Victorian criminal policy I: reforming the law 3. Victorian criminal policy II: reformed punishment 4. A changing human image 5. Late Victorian social policy - a changing context 6. The demoralizing of criminality 7. Prosecution and sentencing: the erosion of moral discourse 8. Disillusion with the prison 9. The outcome: social debility and positive punishment Index
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A 1991 study studied this question.