DNS Query Resolution Optimization in Kubernetes: Performance Enhancement Strategies for Modern Container Orchestration

Domain Name System (DNS) query resolution represents a critical performance bottleneck in Kubernetes environments, where service-oriented architectures generate substantial DNS traffic.This paper presents evidence-based strategies for optimizing DNS query resolution in Kubernetes clusters, addressing network overhead, latency reduction, and scalability challenges.Through analysis of five key optimization techniques-ndots configuration, Node Local DNS Cache implementation, IPv6 query reduction, TCP enforcement, and CoreDNS scaling-this work provides actionable recommendations for improving cluster performance and resource utilization.Experimental results demonstrate 50-70% improvements in DNS resolution latency and 40-60% reduction in DNS-related network traffic when implementing the proposed optimization strategies.