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Review summarizes morphology studies of lead-free MA3Bi2I9 perovskite solar cells, suggesting paths to improve efficiency.
Lead halide perovskites have gained tremendous research attention due to its high power conversion efficiency (PCE) but its poor stability and lead-toxicity stands as a major obstacle for commercialization.Bismuth based lead-free perovskite material (MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 ) have shown better long term stability but the efficiency is far behind those of lead.This present review summarizes the morphology studies that have been carried out and further directs the research towards achieving high efficiency for MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 perovskite materials.
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アシシ et al. (2017) studied this question.
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