Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Smooth Muscle Tumour in Kidney Transplant Recipients – Two Cases and Review of Literature

Abstract: The risk of cancer increases after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Impaired tumour immunity and infection by oncogenic viruses drive this increased risk. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an oncogenic DNA virus that causes post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). Here, we report two cases of kidney transplant recipients with smooth-muscle tumour arising in the setting of EBV infection and review the literature on this topic. EBV-associated smooth muscle tumour (EBV-SMT) is a rare mesenchymal tumour with overlapping clinical features of PTLD but differing management and prognosis.