Conducting Focus Groups: Purpose and Practicalities

Focus groups are increasingly used by health professionals for obtaining research data and for gathering opinions about the perceived qualities of a service. The advantages of this method are that it is easily understood, reflects cultural differences and has a high face validity by providing convincing findings. Focus groups are especially useful for exploring the attitudes and experiences associated with a particular topic. Although occupational therapists may be using focus groups, only a very few studies have been reported. This paper provides background information on focus groups which will assist in weighing this method against a number of other group techniques. Personal experience and a wide range of published material contribute to guidelines for preparing for and conducting focus groups. Practical suggestions and approaches are offered to help occupational therapists to increase the credibility and dependability of their results.