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George E. Irani The Role of the Holy See in the Arab‐Israeli Conflict, The Papacy and the Middle East 1962–1984 Notre Dame Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1986. Pp. 218. Hamid Algar Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari Social and Historical Change: An Islamic Perspective Translated by R. Campbell, Berkeley: Mizan Press, 1986. Randall L. Pouwels Horn and Crescent: Cultural Change and Traditional Islam on the East African Coast, 800–1900. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1987, Pp.273, Price £27.50 Michael Rywkin Russian Colonial Expansion to 1917 Mansell Publishing Limited, 1988 Pp.274
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Kettani et al. (1988) studied this question.
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