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In this paper, the Tensor-Based Near-Field Localization (TeNFiLoc) algorithm is proposed for channel estimation and user localization on the uplink of a multi-carrier wireless communication system with a massive antenna array. OFDM is used as the modulation scheme and the user can be located in the near-field of the array. The exact spherical model of the impinging wavefronts allows TeNFiLoc to localize and identify the reflected paths and distinguish them from the Line-of-Sight (LoS) path. Some additional processing generally allows TeNFiLoc to localize user even in non-LoS scenarios, when the LoS path may be blocked or shadowed, provided that the number of reflected paths that reach the receiver is not less than three. It is also shown that perfect knowledge of the transmitted data is not necessarily required to perform channel estimation and user localization. Using a specific design of the transmitted signal, an additional low throughput, highly reliable communication link to the receiver can be established. Simulation results demonstrate the excellent localization accuracy of the TeNFiLoc algorithm and its applicability in practical scenarios.
Podkurkov et al. (Fri,) studied this question.