Key result
Self-management plus physical activity prevented meaningful increases in weight (-0.65 to -1.3 kg), BMI (-0.4 to -0.7 kg/m2), and waist circumference (-2 to -4 cm) versus minimal or no intervention.
Why the study?
Do nonweight loss-focused lifestyle interventions prevent weight, BMI, and waist circumference increases in adults with cardiometabolic disease?
Systematic Review (n=4,206)
Do nonweight loss-focused lifestyle interventions prevent weight, BMI, and waist circumference increases in adults with cardiometabolic disease?
In patients with cardiometabolic disease, nonweight loss-focused lifestyle interventions (self-management plus exercise) can prevent meaningful increases in weight, BMI, and waist circumference.
Supports self-management plus physical activity to prevent weight gain in cardiometabolic disease; extends evidence for maintenance-focused lifestyle interventions.
Patients with cardiometabolic disease are at higher risk for obesity-related adverse effects. Even without weight loss, weight maintenance may be beneficial. We performed a systematic review to identify the effect of nonweight loss-focused lifestyle interventions in adults with cardiometabolic disease. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify comparative studies of lifestyle interventions (self-management, diet, exercise, or their combination) without a weight loss focus in adults with or at risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight, BMI, and waist circumference at ≥12 months were the primary outcomes. Of 24,870 citations, we included 12 trials (self-management, n = 2; diet, n = 2; exercise, n = 2; combination, n = 6) studying 4,206 participants. Self-management plus physical activity ± diet versus minimal/no intervention avoided meaningful weight (-0.65 to -1.3 kg) and BMI (-0.4 to -0.7 kg/m(2)) increases. Self-management and/or physical activity prevented meaningful waist circumference increases versus control (-2 to -4 cm). In patients with cardiometabolic disease, self-management plus exercise may prevent weight and BMI increases and self-management and/or exercise may prevent waist circumference increases versus minimal/no intervention. Future studies should confirm these findings and evaluate additional risk factors and clinical outcomes.
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Maruthur et al. (2014) conducted a systematic review in Cardiometabolic disease (n=4,206). Nonweight loss-focused lifestyle interventions (self-management, diet, exercise, or combination) vs. Minimal/no intervention was evaluated on Weight, BMI, and waist circumference at ≥12 months (Weight difference -0.65 to -1.3 kg). Self-management plus physical activity prevented meaningful increases in weight (-0.65 to -1.3 kg), BMI (-0.4 to -0.7 kg/m2), and waist circumference (-2 to -4 cm) versus minimal or no intervention.
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