Renal Tubular Acidosis with Recurrent Nephrolithiasis and Nephrocalcinosis

THE syndrome of renal tubular acidosis is a clinical disorder resulting from impaired renal tubular control of acid–base metabolism. Since first described by Lightwood1 in 1936, cases have been recognized in increasing numbers. Frequently resulting from an inborn error of metabolism, the congenital form of this syndrome may become clinically apparent in infancy, early childhood or adolescence. Occurrence in the adult is rare; 22 cases had been recorded up to 1956.2 Whether the adult form may be of congenital origin is unknown. Furthermore, the adult syndrome may result from chronic pyelonephritis, and is frequently seen after bilateral ureteral transplantation into . . .