This article explores some different ways of providing vocational qualifications, specifically for young people who do not go directly to university from school. The examples of Germany and Australia are discussed and show that historical, political, economic and social factors influence the preferred modes of training and their relative perceived status. Advantages and disadvantages are outlined for each mode of provision. Various remedies to address the disadvantages identified for the different modes are explored.
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Deißinger et al. (2006) studied this question.
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