Direction finding with time-varying arrays

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This paper considers the problem of finding the directions of narrowband signals using a time-varying array, whose elements move during the observation interval in an arbitrary but known way. Assuming a Gaussian signal model, we derive the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) and the maximum likelihood estimator for the directions of arrival. The single source case is studied in detail. Time-varying arrays are shown to be more robust to ambiguity errors than static arrays of comparable dimensions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>