Energy infrastructure development is a core component of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) initiative. This study utilizes multisource remote sensing data to evaluate the ecological and environmental impacts of energy development. The study enhances remote sensing ecological indicators and establishes the improved Remote Sensing Energy Project Ecological Index (EPEI) and a comprehensive evaluation analysis method for ecological and environmental impacts. It conducts a thorough assessment of the ecological and environmental impacts of energy projects along the CPEC. The main findings of the analysis are as follows: there is a correlation between land cover types and ecological and environmental quality; climate change and human activities within the study area have led to ecological and environmental changes in the region; the negative impacts of coal-fired power, hydropower, solar power, and wind power projects within CPEC on the local ecosystems decrease in severity in that order.
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Tian et al. (2025) studied this question.
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