// Ilke Tunali 1, 3, 4 , Olya Stringfield 1 , Albert Guvenis 3 , Hua Wang 5 , Ying Liu 5 , Yoganand Balagurunathan 1 , Philippe Lambin 6 , Robert J. Gillies 1 and Matthew B. Schabath 2 1 Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA 2 Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA 3 Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey 4 Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey 5 Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China 6 Research Institute GROW of Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands Correspondence to: Matthew B. Schabath, email: Matthew.Schabath@Moffitt.org Keywords: radiomics; radial gradient; radial deviation; lung adenocarcinoma; quantitative imaging Received: March 12, 2017 Accepted: August 26, 2017 Published: October 06, 2017 ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to extract features from radial deviation and radial gradient maps which were derived from thoracic CT scans of patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and assess whether these features are associated with overall survival. We used two independent cohorts from different institutions for training (n= 61) and test (n= 47) and focused our analyses on features that were non-redundant and highly reproducible. To reduce the number of features and covariates into a single parsimonious model, a backward elimination approach was applied. Out of 48 features that were extracted, 31 were eliminated because they were not reproducible or were redundant. We considered 17 features for statistical analysis and identified a final model containing the two most highly informative features that were associated with lung cancer survival. One of the two features, radial deviation outside-border separation standard deviation, was replicated in a test cohort exhibiting a statistically significant association with lung cancer survival (multivariable hazard ratio = 0.40; 95% confidence interval 0.17-0.97). Additionally, we explored the biological underpinnings of these features and found radial gradient and radial deviation image features were significantly associated with semantic radiological features.
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