International Rules on Virtual Assets: Main Approaches

The article deals with international regulation and maintenance of three types of virtual assets. Their status at the international level is regulated mosaically. At the same time, in international law, the regulation of virtual assets is carried out both by treaties and documents of international organizations. The number of states participating in the relevant documents is not the same. Moreover, there is a separate regulation of each right – ownership, use, disposal. Each state has its own rules for transactions of virtual assets. The author analyzes the status under study in documents of such international organizations as the Financial Action Task Force, the International Monetary Fund, the Financial Stability Board, the International Organization of Securities Commissions, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, the Organization economic cooperation and development, European Union and Eurasian Economic Union. The author shows what status documents on virtual assets have in Russia. Particular attention is paid to the importance of international standards for improving Russian legislation. The role of government agencies in controlling the area under study is touched upon. The author concludes that regulation of the status of virtual assets and transactions with them at the international level is constantly becoming more complex. It is also highlighted the incompleteness of their regulatory status and transactions, as well as the inclusion of virtual asset service providers in the list of regulated entities. Since a unifi ed approach to virtual assets has not been developed in international law, each country has its own legal regulation in relation to each power.