A Study on the Organization of Tools to Support Consensus Building Process With Stakeholders in Community Development

This study organizes tools developed to achieve consensus building process with stakeholders, analyzing them within the DIAD framework (Diversity, Interdependence, Authentic Dialogue) of Communicative Planning. A literature review resulted in classifying these tools into eight types. Subsequently, a chronological analysis of the tools and their features identified three periods and reveals that tools have been developed in response to the social context. Furthermore, this study suggests that these tools fulfill the elements of the DIAD framework—with the exception of "stakeholder identification"—and have the potential to introduce new forms of participation, induce self-reflection, and correct imbalanced power relations.