An Information-Theoretic Framework for Physical Reality: Bridging the Gap Between Information and Cosmology (Updated v2.4)

Modern cosmology faces profound challenges. The existence of dark matter, an invisible substance accounting for approximately 27% of the universe's mass-energy, remains one of the most significant mysteries. Traditional particle physics models have yet to definitively identify dark matter particles. Concurrently, theoretical physics grapples with the "trans-Planckian problem," which concerns the behavior of physics at energy scales beyond the Planck scale, where current theories often break down. This paper explores a paradigm shift, proposing that information theory, a field traditionally associated with communication and computation, may hold the key to unlocking these cosmic enigmas.