Methods to prevent bowel dysfunction following gynecological and oncogynecological surgery

Ileus after surgery presents a challenge for the surgeon as well as a hardship for the patient. Well-known symptoms include bloating, inability to pass flatus and stools, and intolerance to a particular diet. Due to its occurrence between the third and seventh postoperative days and the lack of a precise definition, it is difficult to interpret the results of the studies on this topic. Postoperative ileus and surgical wound infection are believed to be significant contributors to a prolonged hospital stay. The occurrence of ileus is determined by the patient’s characteristics, the type of surgical procedure performed, and the professional expertise of the anesthesiologist and surgeon. It is believed that neurogenic, inflammatory, hormonal, and pharmacological processes contribute to ileus. According to other authors, ileus is a physiologic body reaction caused by surgery. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a set of procedures designed to reduce hospital stay and accelerate recovery after open gynecological and oncogynecological operations while minimizing the risk of complications. Certain early postoperative procedures are intended to prevent bowel dysfunction and paresis. Infusion therapy to achieve euvolemia, which promotes rapid recovery of the bowel passage, is one of the interventions in this direction.