Characterization of the electronic structure of crystalline compounds through their localized Wannier functions

The crystalline orbitals of seven oxygen containing compounds with increasing degree of covalent character (MgO, MnO, ZnO, Al2O3, SiO2, AlPO4, and CaSO4) are localized according to a Wannier–Boys mixed scheme recently implemented. The resulting Wannier functions are analyzed in terms of various indices (centroids positions, second-order central moment tensor, its eigenvalues and principal axes, Mulliken population analysis, and atomic localization indices). Systematic trends are observed along the series.