The purpose of unit commitment (UC) for electric utilities is to determine the optimal thermal unit on/off statuses and their MW generations over the scheduled time horizon. The UC problem is formulated to minimize the total generation cost, while the load demand, reserve requirements, and unit constraints are satisfied. Among the UC constraints, an adequate provision of reserve is important to ensure the security of the power system and the frequency-regulating reserve is essential to bring the system frequency back to acceptable level following the loss of a sizable online unit within seconds. In this paper, the authors present and solve a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP)-based UC problem including the frequency-regulating reserve (FRR) constraints to determine the optimal FRR requirements and unit MW schedules for an isolated power system. Simulation results are then compared with those obtained by Lagrangian relaxation-based approach and by the current Taipower operation practice. It is observed that favorable reserve and unit MW schedules are obtained by the proposed method while the system security is maintained.
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Chang et al. (2012) studied this question.
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